Description
The Spanish Blue Division
The Spanish Blue Division, officially known as the 250th Infantry Division of the Wehrmacht, was a volunteer unit of Spanish soldiers who fought on the Eastern Front during World War II. The division was formed in 1941, after the Spanish dictator Francisco Franco agreed to send troops to support Nazi Germany, but not to declare war on the Allies. The division was named after the blue shirts worn by the Falangist, a fascist political party in Spain.
The Blue Division fought mainly against the Soviet Union, participating in the siege of Leningrad, the battles of Volkhov and Krasny Bor, and the defensive operations around Lake Ladoga. The division suffered heavy casualties, especially in the winter of 1941-1942, when it faced harsh weather conditions and Soviet attacks. The division was praised by the German commanders for its bravery and discipline, and received several awards and decorations.
In 1943, after the Allied invasion of Sicily and the collapse of Italy, Franco decided to withdraw the Blue Division from the Eastern Front, under pressure from the United States and Britain. However, some of the volunteers refused to return to Spain and continued to fight under the German command, forming the Blue Legion and later the Blue Squadron. The last remnants of the Spanish volunteers surrendered to the Allies in May 1945.